Pengaruh Sistem Tanam Diversifikasi terhadap Produktivitas Jagung, Efisiensi Penggunaan Lahan, dan Stabilitas Produksi pada Agroekosistem Tropis
Effect of Diversified Cropping Systems on Maize Productivity, Land Use Efficiency, and Production Stability in Tropical Agroecosystems
Keywords:
Diversifikasi Tanaman, Efisiensi Penggunaan Lahan, Produktivitas Jagung, Stabilitas HasilAbstract
Sistem budidaya jagung yang masih didominasi oleh pola monokultur sering menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan, seperti penurunan kesuburan tanah, rendahnya efisiensi pemanfaatan lahan, serta ketidakstabilan produksi tanaman. Oleh karena itu, penerapan sistem tanam diversifikasi menjadi salah satu pendekatan yang potensial untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan keberlanjutan sistem pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh sistem tanam diversifikasi terhadap produktivitas tanaman jagung, efisiensi penggunaan lahan, dan stabilitas produksi. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode eksperimen lapangan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari lima perlakuan sistem tanam, yaitu monokultur jagung, jagung + kedelai, jagung + kacang hijau, jagung + kedelai + kacang hijau, serta jagung + kedelai + tanaman penutup tanah. Parameter yang diamati meliputi produktivitas tanaman, Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), dan Yield Stability Index. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem tanam diversifikasi mampu meningkatkan produktivitas, efisiensi penggunaan lahan, dan stabilitas produksi dibandingkan dengan monokultur. Perlakuan jagung + kedelai + tanaman penutup tanah menghasilkan kinerja terbaik dengan produktivitas 6,31 ton ha⁻¹, nilai LER 1,38, dan indeks stabilitas hasil 0,91.
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